protein
protein is big molecule of high Wight and complex chemical structure. this is impotent part of body so berzelius call this protein. this is solid compound presents in protoplasm. in nucleus this founds in nuclioprotein phase and play important role in cell division.protein control all chemical reactions in our body so these type of protein call enzymes.
composition-this is made of hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen some time sulfer and fosforus are also part of its structure.
structure- protein is polymer of amino acid. in its structure many molecules of amino acid combines by peptide bond. one amino acid molecules carboxylic group attach with amino group of other amino acid molecule.
amino acid-amino acid are small molecules of protein. that are important for our body growth. in its structure one carboxylic group and one amino group in attach with a- carbon. a- carbons other two free valencies are fulfil by hydrogen atom and side chain. so amino acid has both characters of acid and base.
functions of amino acids-
1.amino acid is unit of protein.
2.some amino acids like tyrosine, thyroxine converts in melamine.
3.tryptofen take part in synthesis of vitamin nicotinemyde and indol-3- acetic acid.
4. most of amino acids made glucose.
5.by removing carboxylic group in phase of CO2 from amino acid molecule it converts in histamine.
peptide linkage- in protein amino acids attach by there amino and carboxylic group. these type of bonding call peptide bond.
levels of protein structure-
1.primary structure- in protein chain of amino acid is primary structure. this is important but doesn't active.
2.secondary structure- for active stage protein make three-dimensional structure. a active protein has polypeptide chain in this polypeptide chain hydrogen bond built between hydrogen of amino group and oxygen of carboxylic group. this structure is secondary structure.
3.tertiary structure-a-helix or pleated sheet make more circles and this call tertiary structure. by this tree dimensional structure side chains of amino acid's come near and protein make enzyme.
QUESTION ANSWER FOR MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
classification of protein-
in structure there is a two type of protein
1.simple protein-these type of protein has only amino acid. the molecules are small and round. example-protaimne,histone.
2.conjugated protein-these are many types
(a)chromoprotein- in this type simple protein connect with a pigment. example- heamoglobin,cytochromes.
(b)glycoproteins-in there structure carbohtdrate is present with protein.example-mucin and hiparin.
(c)nucleoprotein-molecules of simple protein are attached with nucleic acid.example-chromatin are made of nucleoprotein.
(d)lipoprotein-simple protein + lipid calls lipoprotein and this type of protein founds in brain,plasma and milk.
(e)phosphoprotein-when simple protein's molecules are attached with phosphoric acid, ortho or pyrophoshphate this type of protein calls phosphoprotein. for example ovovitelline of egg and casein of milk is phosphoprotein.
functions of proteins-
1. As enzymes- proteins are work like enzymes which controls biological reactions.
2.As hormones-some proteins works like hormone for example somatotrophic hormone.
3. proteins and protection-these are antibodies or immunoglobulins. these proteins stop the effects of outer molecules.example- thrombin and fibrinogen.
4.transport-transport protein are helpful for molecules transport in blood.hacmoglobin provides oxygen to tissues from lungs.
5.proteins and biochemical individuality-protein provides individuality to animals and spices. blood of a special animal or spices don't shifts in other animal body.
6.Toxins-some proteins are poisonous like gossypin of cotton seed.
7.structural protein- protein take part in cell membrane formation. these founds in bone.
8.cell secretions- mucus is glycoprotein which is secretion of cell.
9.special secretion-fibrion protein are special secretion of spider.
10.Storage protein-protein is storable like food. for example albumin of egg.
to know about other biomolecule nucleic acid click here-
BIOMOLECULE_NUCLEIC ACID
protein is big molecule of high Wight and complex chemical structure. this is impotent part of body so berzelius call this protein. this is solid compound presents in protoplasm. in nucleus this founds in nuclioprotein phase and play important role in cell division.protein control all chemical reactions in our body so these type of protein call enzymes.
composition-this is made of hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen some time sulfer and fosforus are also part of its structure.
structure- protein is polymer of amino acid. in its structure many molecules of amino acid combines by peptide bond. one amino acid molecules carboxylic group attach with amino group of other amino acid molecule.
amino acid-amino acid are small molecules of protein. that are important for our body growth. in its structure one carboxylic group and one amino group in attach with a- carbon. a- carbons other two free valencies are fulfil by hydrogen atom and side chain. so amino acid has both characters of acid and base.
1.amino acid is unit of protein.
2.some amino acids like tyrosine, thyroxine converts in melamine.
3.tryptofen take part in synthesis of vitamin nicotinemyde and indol-3- acetic acid.
4. most of amino acids made glucose.
5.by removing carboxylic group in phase of CO2 from amino acid molecule it converts in histamine.
peptide linkage- in protein amino acids attach by there amino and carboxylic group. these type of bonding call peptide bond.
levels of protein structure-
1.primary structure- in protein chain of amino acid is primary structure. this is important but doesn't active.
2.secondary structure- for active stage protein make three-dimensional structure. a active protein has polypeptide chain in this polypeptide chain hydrogen bond built between hydrogen of amino group and oxygen of carboxylic group. this structure is secondary structure.
3.tertiary structure-a-helix or pleated sheet make more circles and this call tertiary structure. by this tree dimensional structure side chains of amino acid's come near and protein make enzyme.
QUESTION ANSWER FOR MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
classification of protein-
in structure there is a two type of protein
1.simple protein-these type of protein has only amino acid. the molecules are small and round. example-protaimne,histone.
2.conjugated protein-these are many types
(a)chromoprotein- in this type simple protein connect with a pigment. example- heamoglobin,cytochromes.
(b)glycoproteins-in there structure carbohtdrate is present with protein.example-mucin and hiparin.
(c)nucleoprotein-molecules of simple protein are attached with nucleic acid.example-chromatin are made of nucleoprotein.
(d)lipoprotein-simple protein + lipid calls lipoprotein and this type of protein founds in brain,plasma and milk.
(e)phosphoprotein-when simple protein's molecules are attached with phosphoric acid, ortho or pyrophoshphate this type of protein calls phosphoprotein. for example ovovitelline of egg and casein of milk is phosphoprotein.
functions of proteins-
1. As enzymes- proteins are work like enzymes which controls biological reactions.
2.As hormones-some proteins works like hormone for example somatotrophic hormone.
3. proteins and protection-these are antibodies or immunoglobulins. these proteins stop the effects of outer molecules.example- thrombin and fibrinogen.
4.transport-transport protein are helpful for molecules transport in blood.hacmoglobin provides oxygen to tissues from lungs.
5.proteins and biochemical individuality-protein provides individuality to animals and spices. blood of a special animal or spices don't shifts in other animal body.
6.Toxins-some proteins are poisonous like gossypin of cotton seed.
7.structural protein- protein take part in cell membrane formation. these founds in bone.
8.cell secretions- mucus is glycoprotein which is secretion of cell.
9.special secretion-fibrion protein are special secretion of spider.
10.Storage protein-protein is storable like food. for example albumin of egg.
to know about other biomolecule nucleic acid click here-
BIOMOLECULE_NUCLEIC ACID
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