AEROBIC RESPIRATION-GLYCOLYSIS

                                             MECHANISM OF RESPIRATION

Glycolysis or EMP pathway- The process  starts with glucose.In anaerobic respiration initial reactions are common as a result of which pyruvic acid is formed by breakdown of glucose. This process does not require oxygen. 

TCA cycle or Krebs cycle- After glycolysis if oxygen is present there is a complete oxidation of pyruvic acid into water and carbon dye oxide. This process called Krebs cycle.

Anaerobic respiration- If oxygen is absent, pyruvic acid form ethyl alcohol and carbon dye oxide.

Aerobic respiration consists of three steps- Glycolysis
                                                                     Krebs cycle
                                                                     Terminal oxidation
 In this article I am describing the first step- 
                                   Glycolysis.

Glycolysis is given by Embden, Meyerhof and Parnas so it also called EMP Pathway. Glycolysis is a process of breakdown of glucose or similar hexose sugar to molecules of pyruvic acid through a series of enzyme mediated releasing some energy and reducing power.It take place in cytoplasm.


                   

                                               
 Glycolysis held in 10 steps. 
Important points of this pathway is-
1.Function of kinase enzyme is add phosphate molecule.

2.In glycolysis ATP release at 2 places. 
These are-
(a)1,3 Biphosphpglycerte to 3 phosphoglycerate

 (b) phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate

3.One NADH release in this step-glycerleldehyde 3 phosphate to    3 phosphoglycerate.

4. Di hydroxy acetone phosphate also changed in glycereldehyde 3 phosphate so 2 molecules of glycereldehyde take part in one glycolysis cycle.
5.Total 4 ATP molecules release in one cycle and 2 molecule of  NADH.

TOTAL ENERGY PRODUCTION IN GLYCOLYSIS-

Direct ATP molecules-2x2= 4 ATP
By NADH molecules- 2x3= 6 ATP 
Total ATP molecules-4+6= 10 ATP
Used ATP in one cycle-  2 ATP
FINALLY GOT ATP MOLECULES- 10 ATP-2 ATP
                                                              = 8 ATP

NOTE-one NADH = 3 ATP.
           According to new rules 1 NADH= 2.5 ATP
           So if you do calculation according to new rules it is also correct.
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 questions about this topic-

1.What is the full form of ATP
Answer- Adinocin tri phosphate

2.What is the structure of pyruvate?
Answer-

3.How many pyruvic acid got in glycolysis?
Answer-2

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